First off, a big thanks to all of you who read this blog, I hope it left encouraged you to think and question the wonderful world we live in.
Alright, back to the post.
What is learning?
I would define it as follows: It is the processes of absorbing information and allowing it to make changes in your system.
We have two kinds of memory, conscious memory that we can voluntarily recall and sub-conscious memory that happens on its own, kind of like background processes.
The conscious system is simple, relatively, it takes information from the surroundings, strips them down to what's important, and throws it on a shelf. I like to call this smart memory making. Yeah, I didn't spend a lot of time on that. So if this memory is not used for a while, it steps down repeatedly, until its lost forever. File Types include (.jpeg),(.txt),(.png),(.pptx)
Sub-conscious memory is more interesting. So as I said in the post 'Breaking down the brain', people learn from experiences, once bit by a bee, you will learn to stay away from them the next time. Did you voluntarily tell yourself that bees are bad? No. It just happened. The next time you see a bee, you will instinctively run away from it. This is true learning. Another interesting fact about this is how it is recalled. You may not remember what all is kept in your drawer but when you need it, you'll know where to find it. Incoming information affects the way you think. Watching the bollywood feature film 'Bajrangi Bhaijaan' (link below) will probably change your perception of Salman Khan movies.
File Types include (.exe),(.zip, some files which when extracted run a program),(.iso and .img).
Some .exe, .img and .iso files may also run conscious system memories.
System 1 (read the previous post on how we think) relies on subconscious or random access memories that are always ready to come in when needed. This is a smaller space.
System 2 relies on both kinds of memories. It absorbs information, and processes it based on the memories you might have. solve this: 168 + 73 = ?
You first read these digits, and use your mathematical knowledge to geometrical values. Like extracting the contents of the .zip file. Then you add the geometrical values, to get a rough estimate, which will later serve as a verification for the answer. the you run the file add.exe which you installed back when you were in 2nd grade, and gave it administrator privileges.  It uses whatever method of addition that you use and spits out an answer. Finally, it verifies the arithmetic answer with the geometrical answer, and sends an analog input to your larynx thus completing the sum. This would be so much easier if you would have had some extra RAM hardware, like a piece of paper perhaps. I'm Daksh Gupta, and thank you for reading. And as always, never stop asking questions.

Bajrangi Bhaijaan
www.youtube.com
Pranav mistry on technology
TED
And how a car learns
TED